WACE Chemistry · Year 12
WACE Chemistry: what actually gets examined
Every question from 4 official SCSA papers, coded by unit, topic and marks — so you can decide what to revise from evidence rather than a feeling.
4 SCSA papers, 2022–2025 · 158 questions · 772 marks
Three topics carry 68% of the marks in WACE Chemistry, Properties and structure of organic materials, Acids and bases and Oxidation and reduction are where the paper spends its marks. Start there.
Counted from 4 official SCSA Chemistry papers (2022–2025). 158 questions, 772 marks. Nothing estimated.
The key words that carry the paper
Share of written-response questions by SCSA key word, matched against SCSA's own Glossary of key words. Revising the content without revising the directive is how marks get lost. The lower / middle / higher grouping is ours — SCSA publishes the list but does not band it. Based on the 90% of written responses that open with a listed key word; the rest open with wording outside it, such as a direct question.
Lower orderMiddle orderHigher order
Each tile is one key word; its size is that key word's share of written-response questions that open with one. The smallest 4 are grouped as Other: Compare 2% · 1q, Justify 2% · 1q, Name 2% · 1q, Outline 2% · 1q.
Where the marks sit
Each unit with its topics underneath. The bar is that topic's share of its own unit, and the chip says how many of the papers on file examined it.
Unit 3: Equilibrium, acids and bases, and redox reactions
406 marks50% indicative share, inferred from equal teaching time — not a published mark weighting
39 questions · 39% of this unit · Practise →
32 questions · 36% of this unit · Practise →
35 questions · 25% of this unit · Practise →
Concept pages in this unit:
Study Unit 3: Equilibrium, acids and bases, and redox reactions →
Unit 4: Organic chemistry and chemical synthesis
367 marks50% indicative share, inferred from equal teaching time — not a published mark weighting
48 questions · 60% of this unit · Practise →
17 questions · 40% of this unit · Practise →
Across 4 papers the units carried 406, 367 marks — against an indicative 50% share each, inferred from equal teaching time (SCSA: the notional time for the pair of units is 110 class contact hours). The SCSA Chemistry ATAR Year 12 Syllabus (for teaching from January 2024) publishes no mark weighting; the counted share is the only measured figure.
How each topic gets asked
The 5 biggest topics, by the shape of the questions actually set on them. Revising the content without revising the directive is how marks get lost — the key words below are SCSA's own, counted from the papers.
Properties and structure of organic materials
Unit 4: Organic chemistry and chemical synthesis · 222 marks across 48 questions
Asked as Multiple choice ×26 · Short answer ×14 · Extended response ×8
SCSA key words Draw ×7 · Determine ×3 · Explain ×3 · Describe ×2 · Consider ×2 · Identify ×2 · Name ×1 · Define ×1 · Complete ×1 · Create ×1 · Classify ×1
Acids and bases
Unit 3: Equilibrium, acids and bases, and redox reactions · 158 marks across 39 questions
Asked as Multiple choice ×23 · Short answer ×10 · Extended response ×6
SCSA key words Calculate ×3 · Consider ×3 · Explain ×2 · Identify ×2 · Outline ×1 · Name ×1 · Describe ×1 · Label ×1 · Draw ×1 · Define ×1 · Complete ×1 · Determine ×1 · Select ×1
Oxidation and reduction
Unit 3: Equilibrium, acids and bases, and redox reactions · 145 marks across 32 questions
Asked as Multiple choice ×20 · Short answer ×8 · Extended response ×4
SCSA key words Describe ×3 · Identify ×3 · Explain ×1 · Consider ×1 · Calculate ×1 · State ×1
Chemical synthesis
Unit 4: Organic chemistry and chemical synthesis · 145 marks across 17 questions
Asked as Multiple choice ×4 · Short answer ×2 · Extended response ×11
SCSA key words Explain ×3 · Calculate ×2 · Draw ×2 · Justify ×1 · Compare ×1 · Label ×1 · Describe ×1 · Complete ×1 · Identify ×1
Chemical equilibrium systems
Unit 3: Equilibrium, acids and bases, and redox reactions · 103 marks across 35 questions
Asked as Multiple choice ×27 · Short answer ×5 · Extended response ×3
SCSA key words Consider ×5 · State ×2 · Describe ×1 · Label ×1 · Calculate ×1
What the markers wanted
School Curriculum and Standards Authority publishes examination reports after each paper. This is our reading of the 2022–2025 feedback, in our words, grouped by unit and cited to the year and question it was seen in. It describes what markers rewarded in papers already sat; it does not predict the next one. The originals are linked below.
Across the paper
- Every dot point is examinable, including Science as a Human Endeavour: the panel repeats each year that candidates who skipped those points could not state, define or explain the terms they contain.
- Name the specific chemistry, not the category. 'Intermolecular forces' earns nothing where dipole-dipole or ion-dipole was wanted, and the answer must refer to the species actually in the question.
- Calculations carry marks for working only when every number is written out. Empty brackets or an arrow pointing back to the previous line lose the working marks if an arithmetic slip follows.
- Convert masses to grams, keep full precision until the last line, then round once and attach a unit and sensible significant figures, whether or not the question asks for them.
- For an observation, describe what is seen, never what it is: metals are silver or grey solids, solutions are coloured or colourless, and a 'colourless odourless gas' is an inference, not an observation.
- Ionic equations need atoms and charge balanced, single or double arrows chosen deliberately, and no arrows standing in for 'increases' or 'decreases' in written answers.
- Use Le Chatelier's Principle to predict a shift and collision theory to explain it; the panel marks down explanations that stop at the principle, and warns against giving molecules intentions.
- Organic structures must show which atom bonds to which, with functional groups explicit in condensed formulae; the panel asks candidates to check whether a full, condensed or molecular formula was requested.
Unit 3: Equilibrium, acids and bases, and redox reactions
Better responses
- Predicting the effect of each applied change on an equilibrium, its forward rate and the mixture's colour was the best-handled short-answer work of 2022.
- Describing and writing equations for monoprotic and polyprotic acids, Bronsted-Lowry pairs and the Arrhenius model was the strongest short-answer question of 2023.
Where marks were lost — and how to keep them
- Recognising that an acidic buffer is a weak acid with its conjugate base; the distractor built from a strong acid drew many candidates in 2022.
- Knowing which titration techniques introduce error and being able to justify an indicator from the hydronium and hydroxide concentrations at the equivalence point.
- Explaining why two salt solutions differ in acidity through the hydroxide and hydronium balance, not by naming the parent acid and base alone.
- Treating 'amount' as a quantity distinct from volume and concentration, and choosing the right noun when describing what changes in a solution.
- Deriving an unknown standard reduction potential from cell data, and describing corrosion prevention methods that fit the scenario rather than a generic list.
- Applying a buffer to an unfamiliar system, and reading the supplied carbonate equations to explain ocean acidification rather than reciting a memorised account.
Seen in 2025 Q9, 2025 Q26, 2025 Q29, 2024 Q6, 2024 Q7, 2024 Q30, 2024 Q32, 2023 Q8, 2023 Q20, 2023 Q26, 2023 Q28, 2022 Q5, 2022 Q9, 2022 Q26, 2022 Q28, 2022 Q38.
Practise Equilibrium, acids and bases, and redox reactions →
Unit 4: Organic chemistry and chemical synthesis
Better responses
- Graphing and explaining the boiling-point trend across a homologous series of amines, and determining an empirical formula from mass data, were handled well in 2022.
- Identifying the similarities and differences between soap and detergent structures, and describing a micelle, was the best-answered short-answer question of 2024.
- Drawing three isomers with every atom and bond shown, and naming or drawing organic compounds from IUPAC rules, were the strongest short-answer questions of 2025.
Where marks were lost — and how to keep them
- Explaining solubility through the dominant intermolecular force between solute and solvent; 'like dissolves like' on its own earned nothing across 2022, 2023, 2024 and 2025.
- Choosing the compound with the highest melting point and counting the isomers of a given formula were among the weakest multiple-choice items of 2022.
- Evaluating what a polymer's structure makes it suitable for, rather than listing its properties, was the hardest multiple-choice item of 2024.
- Outlining and justifying the conditions that optimise rate and yield in a synthesis was the most challenging extended-answer part of 2024.
- Comparing the water solubility of a long-chain carboxylic acid with methanol, by weighing the hydrocarbon chain against the polar group, was the hardest part of 2025.
Seen in 2025 Q31, 2025 Q34, 2025 Q37, 2025 Q39, 2024 Q23, 2024 Q28, 2024 Q31, 2024 Q36, 2024 Q38, 2023 Q32, 2023 Q37, 2022 Q19, 2022 Q21, 2022 Q27, 2022 Q30, 2022 Q34.
How the paper is built
Marks by question format across the same 4 papers.
Multiple choice is exactly 25 marks in every paper. The rest moves around: short answer ran 71, 79, 81, 65 marks and extended response ran 90, 86, 87, 113 marks. 4 papers is not enough to call that a trend.
Every question, by topic
All 158 questions from the 4 papers, listed under the topic each was coded to — year, question number, marks as printed on the paper, key word and format — with SCSA's own copy of the paper linked on every row. The questions themselves are read there, not here. Marks here are as printed and every question is listed once, so these totals sit a little apart from “Where the marks sit” above, by design: there, a question coded to more than one topic has its marks split evenly. Open a unit to see its list.
Unit 3: Equilibrium, acids and bases, and redox reactions101 questions · 420 marks · show
Acids and bases · 35 questions, 155 marks
- 2025Q21 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q191 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q201 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q251 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q297 marksExplainShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2025Q3817 marksDrawExtended responseshared with 1 other topicSCSA paper →
- 2024Q31 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q41 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q51 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q61 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q71 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q81 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q91 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q101 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q111 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q121 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q329 marksLabelShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2024Q348 marksCalculateShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2024Q3616 marksCompleteExtended responseshared with 1 other topicSCSA paper →
- 2023Q181 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q191 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q2611 marksOutlineShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2023Q288 marksDefineShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2023Q337 marksConsiderShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2023Q349 marksCalculateShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2023Q3618 marksDescribeExtended responseshared with 1 other topicSCSA paper →
- 2022Q11 markConsiderMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q51 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q91 markConsiderMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q111 markSelectMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q121 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q131 markIdentifyMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q141 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q287 marksExplainShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2022Q3815 marksCalculateExtended responseSCSA paper →
Oxidation and reduction · 31 questions, 147 marks
- 2025Q71 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q91 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q141 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q151 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q161 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q211 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q221 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q231 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q241 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q2610 marksDescribeShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2025Q279 marksStateShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2025Q336 marksShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2025Q4021 marksDescribeExtended responseSCSA paper →
- 2024Q21 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q2712 marksShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2024Q3312 marksConsiderShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2024Q3917 marksExplainExtended responseSCSA paper →
- 2023Q41 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q51 markIdentifyMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q151 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q201 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q231 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q241 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q2710 marksIdentifyShort answershared with 1 other topicSCSA paper →
- 2023Q298 marksIdentifyShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2023Q3012 marksShort answershared with 1 other topicSCSA paper →
- 2023Q3810 marksCalculateExtended responseSCSA paper →
- 2022Q21 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q151 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q161 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q171 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
Chemical equilibrium systems · 35 questions, 118 marks
- 2025Q11 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q31 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q41 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q111 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q121 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q131 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q307 marksStateShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2025Q3210 marksDescribeShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2024Q11 markConsiderMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q131 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q141 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q151 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q269 marksConsiderShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2024Q306 marksConsiderShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2023Q11 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q31 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q61 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q71 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q81 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q91 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q101 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q111 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q121 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q131 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q171 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q211 markConsiderMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q3514 marksCalculateExtended responseshared with 1 other topicSCSA paper →
- 2022Q31 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q61 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q71 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q81 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q101 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q2612 marksConsiderShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2022Q3517 marksLabelExtended responseshared with 1 other topicSCSA paper →
- 2022Q3916 marksStateExtended responseSCSA paper →
Practise Equilibrium, acids and bases, and redox reactions →
Unit 4: Organic chemistry and chemical synthesis57 questions · 352 marks · show
Properties and structure of organic materials · 44 questions, 206 marks
- 2025Q61 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q81 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q101 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q171 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q181 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q284 marksDrawShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2025Q316 marksCompleteShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2025Q346 marksDrawShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2025Q3620 marksNameExtended responseshared with 1 other topicSCSA paper →
- 2025Q3914 marksExtended responseSCSA paper →
- 2024Q161 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q171 markConsiderMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q181 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q191 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q201 markClassifyMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q211 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q221 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q231 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q241 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q251 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2024Q286 marksShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2024Q297 marksDescribeShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2024Q356 marksDrawShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2024Q3815 marksDetermineExtended responseshared with 1 other topicSCSA paper →
- 2023Q21 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q141 markIdentifyMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q161 markIdentifyMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q221 markCreateMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q319 marksDefineShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2023Q325 marksShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2023Q3729 marksDetermineExtended responseSCSA paper →
- 2022Q181 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q191 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q201 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q211 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q221 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q231 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q241 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q2712 marksDrawShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2022Q2911 marksDrawShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2022Q305 marksExplainShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2022Q317 marksDrawShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2022Q326 marksConsiderShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2022Q3412 marksDetermineExtended responseSCSA paper →
Chemical synthesis · 13 questions, 146 marks
- 2025Q51 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2025Q3525 marksExplainExtended responseSCSA paper →
- 2025Q3716 marksExplainExtended responseshared with 1 other topicSCSA paper →
- 2024Q316 marksIdentifyShort answerSCSA paper →
- 2024Q3722 marksExplainExtended responseshared with 1 other topicSCSA paper →
- 2024Q4017 marksCalculateExtended responseSCSA paper →
- 2023Q251 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2023Q3915 marksJustifyExtended responseSCSA paper →
- 2022Q41 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q251 markMultiple choiceSCSA paper →
- 2022Q3311 marksDrawShort answershared with 1 other topicSCSA paper →
- 2022Q3612 marksCompareExtended responseSCSA paper →
- 2022Q3718 marksDescribeExtended responseshared with 1 other topicSCSA paper →
The papers this is counted from
School Curriculum and Standards Authority publishes every paper and its marking guidelines. These links go to SCSA's own copies — read the questions there.
These are the external examination papers. They are not the whole subject: Chemistry is also assessed by school-based assessment set and marked by your school, which SCSA does not publish — so nothing on this page covers that part of your result.
Study Chemistry on Revizi
Frequently Asked Questions
Which WACE Chemistry topics come up every year?
5 of the 5. Every topic marked "Every paper" above was examined in all 4 papers on file. That describes the papers analysed, not a prediction — examiners set each paper fresh.
Which WACE Chemistry unit is worth the most marks?
Unit 3: Equilibrium, acids and bases, and redox reactions 406, Unit 4: Organic chemistry and chemical synthesis 367 marks across the 4 papers analysed. The syllabus publishes no mark weighting for them; the indicative share on this page is inferred from equal teaching time (SCSA: the notional time for the pair of units is 110 class contact hours), and the counted share is a different measure.
What is the biggest single topic in WACE Chemistry?
Properties and structure of organic materials, with 222 of the 772 marks counted across 4 papers.
How was this analysed?
Every question in 4 official SCSA WACE Chemistry papers (2022–2025) was counted against the SCSA Chemistry ATAR Year 12 Syllabus (for teaching from January 2024): its mark value, its format and its key word, and the unit and topic it assesses. Marks are reconciled against each paper's own stated total.
Are the exam questions reproduced here?
No. School Curriculum and Standards Authority owns the papers. This page publishes counts and links to SCSA's own copy of each paper so you can read the questions at the source. The analysis is ours; the papers stay with SCSA.
Does this predict what will be in my exam?
No, and it is not meant to. It describes what has been set. Examiners write each paper fresh and can weight a neglected topic heavily, which is why every topic is listed here, including the ones examined least.
Can I see which WACE Chemistry questions were set on each topic?
Yes. Every question from the 4 papers is listed above under the topic it was coded to, with its year, question number, marks and key word, and a link to SCSA's copy of that paper. The question itself is read there, not here.
What did the SCSA markers say about WACE Chemistry?
School Curriculum and Standards Authority publishes marker feedback after each paper. The "What the markers wanted" section above is our reading of it across 4 years, in our words, grouped by unit and cited to the year and question it was seen in, with the originals linked.
Coded against the SCSA Chemistry ATAR Year 12 Syllabus (for teaching from January 2024). Where a question is coded to more than one topic its marks are split evenly, so topic totals within a unit can round a mark or two above the unit total. A topic is marked "Every paper" when it appears in all 4, "Most papers" when it is missing from one, and "Comes and goes" when it is missing from more — the one-paper tolerance absorbs a single coding miss rather than publishing it. Last updated 2026-09-01 · Exam papers © School Curriculum and Standards Authority, linked at source.